Eva Isaac, the younger child of Anna and Friedrich Isaac, was born on June 4, 1928. Her father, a writer, used the pen name Friedrich Victor, and Eva and her brother were also known by that last name. Eva and her family lived in Berlin, the large, very sophisticated capital city of Germany. The Jews of Berlin were highly assimilated and well integrated into the social and cultural fabric of the city.
Eva was 5 years old when the Nazis came to power. They immediately began passing antisemitic measures. Many Jewish-owned businesses were confiscated, and Jewish citizens were barred from most professions and normal civic life. Jews were not allowed to attend public schools and were later forced to wear yellow stars to identify them as Jews. Their German citizenship was revoked, and they were forbidden to associate with non-Jews. Segregation laws were strictly enforced, and Jews were subjected to constant harassment and abuse.
After Eva’s parents divorced, they placed their children in a Jewish boarding school. The children were sent to the school in March 1938, when Eva was 9 years old. Eva and her brother were extremely close and looked after each other.
After the wide-scale destruction and antisemitic acts of violence known as Kristallnacht, “Night of Broken Glass”, which took place on the night of November 9-10, 1938, Eva’s father tried to get his children out of the country.
In January 1939, he wrote to Lillie Herman-Philipp, a Jewish woman living in London who was trying to find places for Jewish children in homes and boarding schools throughout England. Because Mr. Isaac was unable to pay monthly maintenance fees due to his forced unemployment, the children’s applications were denied. After October 1941, the Jews of Germany were no longer allowed to emigrate. The children were hopelessly trapped.
Sometime between December 1941 and the spring of 1942, the Germans deported 16,000 Jews, including Eva and her brother, to a sealed-off ghetto in Riga, the capital of Latvia. The previous inhabitants, 30,000 local Jews, had been murdered by the Nazis to make room for the German Jews.
After September 1942, the Germans began deporting German Jews directly to concentration camps. Eva, 14 years old, was sent to Auschwitz Death Camp. Children under the age of 15 were usually murdered upon their arrival. Eva was never heard from again.
Eva was one of 1.5 million Jewish children murdered by the Nazis and their collaborators during the Holocaust.
A personal history from the Archives of the SIMON WIESENTHAL CENTER 1988-206 [104]
